Black Hills Heating And Air Conditioning

Dealing with a malfunctioning air conditioner or heating system can be frustrating, especially during extreme weather. This guide focuses on helping you diagnose and potentially resolve some common issues with your Black Hills Heating and Air Conditioning system. We'll provide a step-by-step approach to troubleshooting, emphasizing safety and knowing when to call a professional.

Common Problem: My Air Conditioner/Heater Isn't Working

Let's start with one of the most common complaints: the system isn't turning on or blowing air.

Step 1: The Power Supply - Is Everything Plugged In and Switched On?

This sounds basic, but it's often the culprit. Don't feel silly checking it – even technicians start here!

Check the Thermostat: Is it set to "Cool" (for AC) or "Heat" (for heat)? Is the fan setting on "Auto" or "On"? Make sure the desired temperature is lower (for AC) or higher (for heat) than the current room temperature. Often, accidentally bumping the thermostat is all it takes. Try increasing/decreasing the temperature a few degrees to see if it kicks on. Ensure the thermostat is set to the correct mode (Cool, Heat, or Auto).
Circuit Breaker: Locate the circuit breaker panel in your home. Find the breaker labeled "AC," "Heater," "HVAC," or something similar. Is it tripped (in the "Off" or middle position)? If so, flip it fully to the "Off" position and then back to the "On" position. This resets the breaker. If it trips again immediately or soon after, do not keep resetting it. This indicates a larger electrical problem that requires a qualified electrician.
Power Switch: Many HVAC systems have a dedicated power switch, often located near the outdoor unit or inside the furnace closet. Make sure this switch is in the "On" position.
Check the Outlet (for window units or portable ACs): If you're using a window unit or portable AC, ensure it's properly plugged into a working outlet. Test the outlet with another device (like a lamp) to confirm it's providing power.

Step 2: The Thermostat - Batteries and Settings

A malfunctioning or improperly configured thermostat is another frequent cause of HVAC problems.

Check the Batteries: Many thermostats require batteries. Low batteries can cause erratic behavior or prevent the thermostat from working at all. Replace the batteries with fresh ones, paying attention to the correct polarity (+/-).
Thermostat Programming: Is the thermostat programmed correctly? Is it set to a "Hold" setting that overrides your desired temperature? Review the thermostat's manual (you can usually find it online) to ensure it's programmed to operate as intended. Some thermostats have complex programming features that can accidentally disable the system.
Thermostat Location: Is the thermostat located in a place where it's exposed to drafts, sunlight, or other sources of inaccurate temperature readings? This can cause the system to cycle on and off prematurely or not run at all.
Advanced Thermostats: Some modern thermostats have Wi-Fi connectivity and can be controlled remotely. If yours does, check the app or online portal to make sure the system is set to the correct mode and temperature. Sometimes, a software glitch can cause issues. Try restarting the thermostat.

Step 3: The Air Filter - A Simple but Critical Check

A clogged air filter restricts airflow, making your system work harder and potentially leading to overheating or freezing. This is a very common cause of HVAC problems.

Locate the Air Filter: The air filter is usually located in the return air vent (where air is drawn into the system) or inside the air handler (the indoor unit).
Inspect the Filter: Remove the filter and hold it up to the light. If you can't see much light passing through, it's likely clogged.
Replace the Filter: Replace the dirty filter with a new one of the correct size and type. Pay attention to the airflow direction arrow printed on the filter and install it accordingly. Replacing the air filter regularly (every 1-3 months) is one of the most important things you can do to maintain your HVAC system.

Step 4: The Outdoor Unit (AC Only) - Check for Obstructions

For air conditioning systems, the outdoor unit (condenser) needs proper airflow to function efficiently.

Clear Debris: Inspect the outdoor unit for any obstructions, such as leaves, branches, grass clippings, or snow. Clear away any debris that is blocking the airflow around the unit.
Check the Fins: The fins on the outdoor unit can become bent or damaged, restricting airflow. Carefully straighten any bent fins using a fin comb (available at most hardware stores). Be gentle to avoid damaging them further.
Ice Buildup: If you notice ice buildup on the outdoor unit, it could indicate a refrigerant leak or airflow problem. Turn off the system and allow the ice to melt completely. If the problem persists after restarting, call a professional.

Step 5: The Indoor Unit (Furnace or Air Handler) - Listen and Look

The indoor unit houses the blower fan and other critical components. Listen for unusual noises and look for any signs of problems.

Listen for Unusual Noises: Pay attention to any strange noises coming from the indoor unit, such as squealing, grinding, or rattling. These noises could indicate a problem with the blower motor, fan blades, or other components.
Check the Blower Motor: If you suspect a problem with the blower motor, you can try to inspect it visually. However, do not attempt to repair or replace the blower motor yourself unless you have experience working with electrical components. This is a job best left to a professional.
Inspect the Flame Sensor (Furnaces Only): The flame sensor is a small metal rod located near the burner in a gas furnace. It detects the presence of a flame and shuts off the gas supply if the flame goes out. A dirty or malfunctioning flame sensor can prevent the furnace from igniting. Some homeowners feel comfortable cleaning the flame sensor with fine steel wool (after turning off the power to the furnace!), but if you are not comfortable working with gas appliances, do not attempt this. Call a professional.
Check the Pilot Light (Older Furnaces Only): Some older furnaces have a pilot light that needs to be lit manually. If the pilot light is out, follow the manufacturer's instructions to relight it. If you smell gas, do not attempt to light the pilot light. Evacuate the area immediately and call your gas company. Gas leaks are extremely dangerous.

When to Call a Professional (Black Hills Heating and Air Conditioning or another qualified technician)

While some HVAC problems can be resolved with simple DIY fixes, others require the expertise of a trained technician. Never attempt repairs that you are not comfortable with or that involve working with electricity, gas, or complex components. Here are some situations where you should call a professional:

Electrical Problems: Any issues involving electrical wiring, circuit breakers that repeatedly trip, or sparking. Electricity is dangerous.
Gas Leaks: If you smell gas, evacuate the area immediately and call your gas company. Gas leaks are extremely dangerous.
Refrigerant Leaks: If you suspect a refrigerant leak (e.g., ice buildup on the outdoor unit, system not cooling properly), call a professional. Refrigerant is a hazardous substance.
Complex Component Failures: Problems with the compressor, blower motor, heat exchanger, or other major components.
Lack of Knowledge: If you're unsure about what you're doing or uncomfortable working with HVAC systems.
Repeated Issues: If the same problem keeps recurring after you've tried to fix it yourself.
Warranty Concerns: If your system is still under warranty, attempting repairs yourself may void the warranty.
If you are uncomfortable working with gas appliances.

Important Safety Tips

Always prioritize safety when working on your HVAC system.

Turn Off the Power: Before working on any electrical components, turn off the power to the system at the circuit breaker.
Read the Manual: Consult the manufacturer's manual for your HVAC system for specific instructions and safety precautions.
Wear Safety Gear: Wear safety glasses and gloves to protect yourself from injury.
Don't Work Alone: It's always a good idea to have someone else nearby when working on electrical or mechanical equipment.
Call for Help: If you're unsure about anything, don't hesitate to call a qualified HVAC technician.

Preventative Maintenance - Avoiding Problems in the First Place

The best way to avoid HVAC problems is to perform regular preventative maintenance.

Change the Air Filter Regularly: As mentioned earlier, replacing the air filter every 1-3 months is crucial.
Clean the Outdoor Unit: Keep the outdoor unit free of debris.
Schedule Professional Maintenance: Have your HVAC system inspected and serviced by a qualified technician at least once a year. This includes checking refrigerant levels, cleaning the coils, and inspecting all components for wear and tear. Black Hills Heating and Air Conditioning, and other HVAC professionals, often offer maintenance plans.
Keep Vents Clear: Make sure furniture and other obstructions are not blocking air vents inside your home.

By following these troubleshooting steps and safety precautions, you can often resolve minor HVAC problems yourself. However, remember that some repairs are best left to professionals. When in doubt, call a qualified technician to ensure your system is working safely and efficiently. Regular maintenance will help to prevent problems and extend the life of your HVAC system.