What Are The Best Basement Dehumidifiers

Is your basement damp, musty-smelling, or even showing signs of mold? These are common problems many homeowners face, often stemming from excessive humidity. A good dehumidifier can be a game-changer, but with so many options, choosing the best one can feel overwhelming. This article will guide you through troubleshooting basement humidity issues and selecting the right dehumidifier for your needs.

Troubleshooting Basement Humidity Problems

Before rushing out to buy a dehumidifier, let's pinpoint the root cause of your basement's dampness. Simply masking the symptom with a machine isn't a long-term solution.

Step 1: Observation and Assessment (No Tools Required)

Begin with a thorough visual inspection. Walk around your basement and look for the following:

• Visible Moisture: Check for water stains on walls or floors, condensation on pipes, or puddles of water. Pay close attention to corners and areas near the foundation.
• Musty Odor: A strong, unpleasant musty smell is a telltale sign of mold growth, which thrives in humid environments.
• Efflorescence: This is a white, powdery deposit on concrete or brick walls, indicating moisture seeping through the foundation.
• Condensation on Windows: Excessive condensation on basement windows suggests high humidity levels.
• Mold Growth: Look for black, green, or other colored mold growing on walls, floors, or belongings.

Document your observations. Take photos or notes to help you track the problem areas.

Step 2: Identifying Potential Sources of Humidity (No Tools Required)

Now, let's investigate the potential sources of moisture. Consider these factors:

• Leaking Pipes: Check all exposed pipes for drips or signs of leaks. Even a small, slow leak can contribute significantly to humidity.
• Poor Ventilation: Basements often lack adequate ventilation, trapping moisture.
• Cracks in Foundation: Inspect the foundation walls for cracks, which can allow groundwater to seep in.
• Poor Gutter System: Ensure your gutters are clean and properly diverting water away from the foundation. Clogged gutters can lead to water pooling around the house and seeping into the basement.
• Ineffective Grading: The ground around your house should slope away from the foundation. If it slopes towards the house, water will drain towards the basement walls.
• Clothes Dryer Venting: Make sure your clothes dryer is properly vented to the outside. Venting it into the basement adds significant moisture to the air.

Ask yourself if any recent events, like heavy rain or plumbing repairs, coincided with the onset of the humidity problem.

Step 3: Measuring Humidity Levels (Basic Equipment Required)

To get a more objective measure of humidity, use a hygrometer (also called a humidity meter). These are inexpensive and readily available at hardware stores or online.

• Ideal Humidity: Aim for a humidity level between 30% and 50% in your basement.
• Procedure: Place the hygrometer in the center of the basement, away from walls and windows. Let it sit for at least 24 hours to get an accurate reading.
• Record Readings: Take readings at different times of the day and over several days to get a sense of the average humidity level.

High humidity readings (above 60%) confirm the need for a dehumidifier.

Step 4: Simple DIY Actions You Can Take

Based on your observations and measurements, here are some simple DIY steps you can take to address the humidity issue:

• Improve Ventilation: Open windows (if weather permits) or use a fan to circulate air. Consider installing an exhaust fan to vent moist air outside.
• Seal Cracks: Use concrete crack filler to seal small cracks in the foundation walls.
• Clean Gutters: Clear out any debris from your gutters and downspouts to ensure proper water drainage.
• Adjust Grading: If the ground slopes towards your house, add soil to create a slope away from the foundation.
• Address Leaks: Fix any leaky pipes or faucets promptly.
• Ensure Proper Dryer Venting: Double-check that your dryer vent is securely connected and venting outside. Clean the vent regularly to prevent lint buildup.

Monitor the humidity levels after taking these steps to see if they make a difference. It may take several days to see noticeable results.

When to Call a Professional

Some humidity problems are beyond the scope of DIY solutions. It's time to call a professional HVAC technician or a foundation specialist if:

• Major Foundation Issues: You notice large cracks in the foundation, significant water intrusion, or structural damage.
• Persistent Mold Growth: If you have extensive mold growth, especially black mold, professional remediation is necessary.
• Suspected Plumbing Leaks Behind Walls: If you suspect a hidden plumbing leak, a plumber with leak detection equipment is needed.
• HVAC System Problems: If your HVAC system is malfunctioning and contributing to the humidity problem, a qualified HVAC technician should diagnose and repair it.
• You're Unsure About the Cause: If you've tried the DIY steps and the humidity problem persists, it's best to get a professional opinion.

Don't hesitate to seek professional help. Ignoring serious issues can lead to costly repairs and health problems.

Choosing the Best Basement Dehumidifier

Once you've addressed any underlying issues, selecting the right dehumidifier is crucial. Here's what to consider:

1. Dehumidifier Capacity

Dehumidifier capacity is measured in pints of water removed per day. The size you need depends on the size of your basement and the severity of the humidity problem.

• Small, Slightly Damp Basement (500 sq ft): 30-pint dehumidifier
• Medium, Moderately Damp Basement (500-1000 sq ft): 50-pint dehumidifier
• Large, Very Damp Basement (1000+ sq ft): 70-pint dehumidifier

Err on the side of a larger capacity if you're unsure. A larger dehumidifier will remove moisture more effectively and won't have to run as often.

2. Features to Look For

Consider these features when choosing a dehumidifier:

• Automatic Humidistat: This allows you to set your desired humidity level, and the dehumidifier will automatically turn on and off to maintain that level. Essential for energy efficiency.
• Automatic Defrost: Prevents the dehumidifier coils from freezing in cold basements.
• Continuous Drain Option: Allows you to connect a hose to drain the collected water directly into a floor drain or sump pump. Saves you the hassle of emptying the water tank manually.
• Filter: Helps remove dust and allergens from the air. Look for a washable or easily replaceable filter.
• Energy Star Certification: Indicates that the dehumidifier meets energy efficiency standards, saving you money on your electricity bill. Look for this label!
• Portability: Consider models with wheels and handles for easy movement.
• Noise Level: Some dehumidifiers can be quite noisy. Read reviews to get an idea of the noise level before purchasing.

3. Types of Dehumidifiers

While there are different types of dehumidifiers, refrigerant dehumidifiers are most common for basements.

• Refrigerant Dehumidifiers: These work by cooling air, causing moisture to condense on cold coils. They are effective in warm, humid environments.
• Desiccant Dehumidifiers: These use a desiccant material to absorb moisture from the air. They are more effective in cold temperatures, but generally more expensive and less energy-efficient than refrigerant models for basement use.

4. Research and Read Reviews

Before making a purchase, research different brands and models and read online reviews. Pay attention to customer feedback regarding performance, reliability, and noise level. Websites like Consumer Reports and other product review sites can be valuable resources.

5. Installation and Maintenance

Once you've chosen a dehumidifier, follow these installation and maintenance tips:

• Placement: Place the dehumidifier in a central location in the basement, away from walls and furniture. Ensure there is adequate airflow around the unit.
• Drainage: If using the continuous drain option, connect the hose securely and ensure it slopes downward to allow for proper drainage.
• Filter Cleaning: Clean or replace the filter regularly according to the manufacturer's instructions. A dirty filter can reduce the dehumidifier's efficiency and lifespan.
• Emptying the Tank: If you're not using the continuous drain option, empty the water tank regularly to prevent it from overflowing.
• Regular Inspection: Periodically inspect the dehumidifier for any signs of damage or malfunction.

Proper maintenance will help ensure your dehumidifier operates efficiently and lasts for years to come.

Conclusion

A damp basement doesn't have to be a source of frustration. By following these troubleshooting steps and choosing the right dehumidifier, you can effectively control humidity, prevent mold growth, and create a more comfortable and healthy living environment. Remember to prioritize safety and seek professional help when needed. With a little effort, you can reclaim your basement and enjoy a dry, comfortable space.